Advances In Management

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Advances In Management






Vol. 7(3) March 2014

Elderly Workers in the Workforce

Meekhof Shawn, Mangliers Kim and Mishra Jitendra

The purpose of this paper is to address the current issue of the elderly remaining in the workforce longer than previous generations. The reasons behind this shift seem to benefit both the employees and the employers. Although this causes a congested workforce and puts more competition on the new workers when applying for a job, employers are happy with the older workers for the knowledge, skills and abilities they possess. Having the elderly continue to work into their sixties and beyond is a good thing because it keeps them busy and healthy. They are living longer, so there is no reason why they should not be working longer as well. The world we live in is changing and the way in which people use it should change and adapt to stay current.

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Performance of Intellectual Capital Management of Indian Public Sector Enterprises – using GRA and MPI

Datta Biswajit

Intellectual capital is most vital enabler of enterprises. Managing intellectual capital effectively can greatly enhance the competitive advantages of any enterprises. This study focused on how the enterprises utilize intellectual capital, in order to strengthen the competitiveness of enterprises. This research established a novel assessment model to measure the performance of intellectual capital management. The research target is the Indian Public Sector Enterprises. The research collected data from the Annual Report of PSEs listed in Bombay Stock Exchanges for the period 2001-02 to 2010-11. A total of 50 companies were randomly selected amongst Indian Public Sector Enterprises and were chosen as empirical samples. The results demonstrated that this novel assessment method really identifies the relative advantages and benchmarking for Indian Public Sector Enterprises. The best company is chosen both in operational performance and productivity improvement. This model is a performance assessment model to judge Intellectual Capital along with Financial Capital.

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Knowledge Management Strategy in Professional Service Firms

Gottschalk Petter

Knowledge management is concerned with knowledge sharing and knowledge creation in organizations. Knowledge management activities include creation, acquisition, identification, storage, sharing and application of knowledge10. Some knowledge management activities contribute to exploration (i.e. discovery of new knowledge), while others contribute to exploitation (i.e. application of what is already known). Exploitation refers to solution reuse, while exploration refers to solution innovation. Exploitation leverages existing knowledge through the application of pre-established procedures, technologies and policing approaches. Exploration can lead to new investigative approaches and new examination procedures8.

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FDI and Total factor Productivity Relations: An Empirical Analysis for BRIC and Turkey

Kadı Filiz

Foreign direct investment (FDI) has been one of the important subject of the world economy during the last three decades. FDI have both direct and indirect influence on economic development. Foreign direct investment can effect economy directly by increasing gross fixed capital formation and indirectly like increase information level of domestic firms and competion. Foreign direct investment (FDI) is a source of both capital, new technology and intangibles such as organisational and managerial skills. However, the empirical evidence in the literature in support of this recommendation for sample of developing countries is not unanimous. In this study, a panel data approach is used to study the effects of FDI on Total Factor Productivity in a sample of 5 countries BRIC and Turkey. We have implemented a statistical descriptive model that allows us to say that FDI has a negative impact on TFP for these countries.

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The design of incentive systems for improving team effectiveness: A research framework

Sánchez-Expósito María J., Gómez-Ruiz Laura and Naranjo-Gil David

Incentives are keys to guide individual behavior in team settings but the effectiveness of an incentive system depends on the interaction with diverse team features. This paper reviews the management accounting literature focused on incentive systems and team effectiveness. We provide a comprehensive framework for organizing and for evaluating the relationship between incentive systems and team effectiveness. Based on the analysis of the input-mediator-outcome framework, we suggest future directions to improve management accounting research focused on the design of incentive systems in team-based settings.

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Ecologically Conscious Consumer and Consumption Behavior: The Lebanese Context

Nouri Beyrouti, Abdul-Nasser El-Kassar and Tamara Jarrar

Environmental concerns and involvement in environmental matters became more noticeable during the 2000’s. Academicians and researchers have been investigating and determining factors and criteria that characterize the ecologically conscious consumers. Today, business entities and organizations are not only responsible for maintaining effective wastes’ disposal to reduce pollution, they rather became further involved in developing, manufacturing and marketing new products that are based on the utilization of eco-friendly alternatives, starting from the composition and blueprint of the package, reaching the product itself. There are significant challenges associated with examining the topic (ECCCB); our primary objective is to address these challenges. As a context for our study, we have chosen the survey method to collect data using a self-administered questionnaire, a sample of 250 students from four major Lebanese universities. The sample is from a diverse socioeconomic group of young people and represents a relatively unexplored, yet extremely important, consumer market segment. A key finding showed that social influence was a predictor of Lebanon students’ green purchasing behavior and consumption followed by environmental concern, environmental protection and perceived environmental responsibility.

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Studying the Relationship between Employees’ Optimism with their Self-belief and Social Undermining at Islamic Azad University of Kerman Province

Beheshtifar Malikeh and Safariyan Mojtaba

This study is aimed to examine the relationship between employees’ optimism with their self-belief and social undermining at Islamic Azad Universities of Kerman Province. Sample of the study consisted of the whole employees of Islamic Azad Universities of Kerman Province (N=1135). To determine the sample size, 290 people were chosen using Cochran’s formulae. Results indicated that there is reverse relationship between employees’ optimism (and positive expectation component) and their social undermining, yet no relationship was observed between the employees’ selective attention and their social undermining. And, there is reverse relationship was observed between employees’ self-belief (and self-esteem component) and their social undermining, yet no relationship between the employees’ personal efficiency and social undermining. Finally, there is relationship between the employees’ optimism and their self-belief (as well as self-esteem and personal efficiency). General conclusion shows that social undermining is recently increasing as the most widespread behavioral disorder. Optimism and self-belief are factors enabling the individual to effectively interact and communicate and reduce his social undermining. On the other hand, these two characteristics lead to positive employees’ behaviors which can improve his abilities.

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Elucidating the Relationship between Moral Philosophy and Consumer Ethical Beliefs: A Case Study of Argentine Consumers

Tai An Lin and Lu Long-Chuan

Successful global commerce requires an understanding of cultural differences. Given the unique characteristics of each culture, consumers also vary in ethical beliefs across cultures. However, Latin American consumers are under-represented in related literature, despite the important established role of Argentine consumers. Therefore, this study investigates how moral philosophy and consumer ethical considerations are related. Analysis results indicate that highly idealistic consumers are less likely to engage in both passively benefiting activities and deceptive practices than less idealistic ones. However, highly relativistic consumers are more likely to engage in passively benefiting activities than less relativistic ones.

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