Vol. 7(11) November 2014
Innovation on Risk Management of Rural Microcredit
in China-Case Study of Puyang Model
Chang Fengxia, Wang Jiansheng and Zhang Zhiyu
In the last three decades, China’s microcredit mechanism
in rural areas has developed rapidly. Risk management is a sensitive issue to all
of the financial institutions including microcredit institutions. Many of the financial
institutions do not accommodate microcredit due to the uncertainty of recovering
the interest including capital. Rural Credit Cooperatives of China (RCC) and other
state-owned banking institutions do not want to conduct microcredit business because
they cannot keep away from high risk. Puyang Model created by The Rural Loan Cooperative
of Puyang City, Henan Province, China made an innovation on risk management of rural
microcredit and gained national-wide fame in China. The Rural Loan Cooperative of
Puyang(RLC) has since become the largest NGO microcredit institution in China. This
paper seeks to conduct an analysis of the innovative risk management practices devised
in the Puyang model because it could provide positive implications for the development
of microcredit that could be applied in all over China.
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Consequences of Sales promotions on sale of OTC -
FMCG products in Pharmaceutical Sectors
Victoria Alexander C. V. J. and Ganesan M.
Over-the-counter (OTC) drugs are the medicinal products
sold directly to a consumer without a prescription from a healthcare professional
as compared to prescription drugs which may be sold only to consumer’s features
with a valid prescription. OTC-FMCG (Fast Moving Consumer Goods) sales promotions
are generally looked as tools that undermine the brand; yet a tool that is necessarily
meant to speed up sales. Consumer sales promotion on OTC- FMCG products take up
a large share of the total marketing expenditure despite which it remains an area
that still attracts attention as an essential component of the promotion mix meant
to increase short term sales. It is therefore not surprising that most of the marketers
resort to OTC-FMCG sales promotions to attract the competitor's market share. The
current study reports the results and the consequences of sales promotions on sale
of OTC - FMCG products in pharmaceutical sector with impact of consumer sales promotions
on few consumers of each product. This study has attempted to explore sales promotional
techniques going to be recessive on OTC personal care products in Fast Moving Consumer
Goods.
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Stress Management among bus Drivers: An Empirical
Study
Vetrivel S. C., Suganya Bharathi S. and Priyadharshini G.
Stress is our body's way of responding to any kind of
demand. When people feel stressed by something going on around them, their bodies
react by releasing chemicals into the blood. These chemicals give people more energy
and strength which can be a good thing if their stress is caused by physical danger.
But this can also be a bad thing if their stress is in response to something emotional
and there is no outlet for this extra energy and strength. Stresses caused by sleepiness
and physical work are known to be the issues among professional drivers as they
compromise it for safe and economic driving. The main factors contributing to driver
sleepiness were night time driving, insufficient sleep prior to shift, long shift
duration and high perceived sleep need. A survey was conducted among 50 professional
bus drivers in the study area and quantitative data was developed.
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Banking sector governance - Lessons from Hong Kong
listed banks- a three year perspective analysis
Chatterjee Sh. D.
Hong Kong’s financial sector is popular within the banking
industry for the range of service providers themselves. Using the case study approach,
this paper explores the changes to the boards of directors and governance issues
of the 12 listed banks on Hong Kong stock exchange over a three year period. It
focuses on issues such as the number of directors on the boards, their qualifications,
type of directors in terms of independence, outside directorships held and the auditors
of the financial statements from 2004 to 2006. Through the use of archival data
over a three year period, this paper finds that the overall listed banks in Hong
Kong exhibit good corporate governance and that this governance has in fact improved
in quality over the years. The three year comparison demonstrates that the high
level of corporate governance exhibited by the 12 listed banks in Hong Kong from
2004 to 2006 provides a possible explanation to the success of the region a significant
international financial center due to the factors such as absence of duality of
CEO and chairman, use of the Big four audit firms, qualifications of directors and
use of independent non-executive directors on the boards.
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Buyers’ Perception of Indian Traditional Grocery Retail
Stores with special reference to three Attributes: Gender, Age and Education
Sharma Harsh and Chopra Resham
This paper attempts to study the buyers’ perception of
key retail attributes in Indian traditional grocery retailing from the perspective
of three important demographic characteristics i.e. gender, age and education of
the buyers. Grocery is one of the largest segments of retail worldwide and it would
be academic as well as business interest to understand demographic peculiarity in
the case of buyers’ perception as seen in the context of Traditional Grocery scenario.
Also as Indian grocery retail is dominated by the traditional grocery stores i.e.
Kirana Stores; knowledge of the difference in buyers’ perception based on various
demographic variables would lead to a better understanding of consumer retail buying
behaviour by these stores so as to devise their strategies to enhance the customer
patronage and enduringly survive the onslaught of organized retailers.
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HR Tendencies at Subsidiaries of Multinational companies
in Central-Eastern Europe
Poór József, Szabó Katalin, Óhegyi Katalin and Farkas Ferenc
Multinational companies (MNCs) are increasingly present
in the Central-Eastern European region (CEE). In their local subsidiaries they have
implemented new HR practices and policies. These practices evolved as the economic
growth and recession phases took place as well as in parallel with the world-wide
HR trends. The research of the Central and Eastern European International Research
Team (CEEIRT) carried out its latest survey in 2012-2013 to take a snapshot of the
region’s HR trends. In our study we investigated the role of HR evolved at the CEE
subsidiaries of MNCs.
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