Dysregulated Levels
of TLRs, Cytokines and Chemokines in mouse brain infected with Japanese encephalitis
virus via intracerebral route and tail vein route showing worst disease outcome
Shukla Mukti, Garg Atul, Dhole T.N. and Chaturvedi Rachna
Res. J. Biotech.; Vol. 20(4); 146-167;
doi: https://doi.org/10.25303/204rjbt1460167; (2025)
Abstract
Despite the availability of vaccines, Japanese encephalitis (JE) is the leading
cause of viral encephalitis related death each year in South East Asian region.
As there is incomplete understanding on the pathogenesis of Japanese encephalitis
virus (JEV), thousands of deaths are reported annually due to JEV infection in these
regions. JEV also causes high morbidity in humans, leading to permanent neurological
deficits, even in those who survive. In our recent research study45, we explored
the role of specific cytokines, chemokines and TLRs through in vitro studies. We
demonstrated that exaggerated levels of TLRs (2,4 &9), cytokines (IL-6, IL-17 and
chemokines (MCP-1, RANTES) in BV2 and Neuro2A cell lines were associated with worst
outcome45.
In present manuscript we assessed the roles of those TLRs, cytokines and chemokines
in the central nervous system (CNS) of the mouse brain post JEV infection by intracerebral
and tail vein route. For this, we developed the mouse model of encephalitis by injecting
the GP-78 (JEV a neurovirulent strain) virus through IC and TV route. We noticed
the upregulated levels of some specific TLRs, cytokines and chemokines in mouse
brain following IC and TV challenge at different days post JEV infection. The increased
levels of some specific TLRs, cytokines and chemokines have worst outcome in disease
progression and tissue pathology at later stage of infection.
