Genetic diversity
and phylogenetic relationship of domestic pig breeds of northeast India based on
Cytochrome b gene analysis
Daimari Rijumoni, Narzari Silistina and Sarmah Jatin
Res. J. Biotech.; Vol. 20(4); 25-32;
doi: https://doi.org/10.25303/204rjbt025032; (2025)
Abstract
Northeast India contributes about 38.5% of the country's pork production. However,
extensive crossbreeding between indigenous and exotic breeds in this region has
caused decline in native pig populations. To conserve and restore the native pig
breeds, characterising them at molecular level is a must. Therefore, current study
determines genetic diversity and phylogenetic analysis of domestic pigs (Doom and
Ghungroo pigs) of northeast India, using cytochrome b gene. Blood samples from 24
pigs were collected, followed by DNA extraction and gene was amplified using universal
primers and sequenced. Sequence variation sites, genetic distance and phylogenetic
analysis were performed at MEGA 11. A total of 18 polymorphic sites was found where
6 sites were common to Doom and Indian wild pig (15940, 16344, 16350, 16355, 16356
and 16357).
Doom pig showed least genetic distance with wild boars while Ghungroo pig showed
the farthest distance. Phylogenetic analysis depicted that Doom and Ghungroo, clustering
in one clade with Indian wild pig, indicates of having common maternal ancestor.
This study highlights the evolutionary history and genetic diversity of domesticated
pigs of northeast, India. Identifying the pig-specific mitochondrial DNA sequences
will help in distinguishing domestic pigs from wild boars as well as in forensic
and vegeto-legal cases.
