Green Synthesis
of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Ocimum basilicum seed extract: characterization
and evaluation of antioxidant and antidiabetic activities
Rexcida Janthark Mary S. and Maneemegalai S.
Res. J. Biotech.; Vol. 20(2); 54-63;
doi: https://doi.org/10.25303/202rjbt054063; (2025)
Abstract
The green synthesis of zinc nanoparticles using plant extract is utilized for its
potential biological application and development of novel therapeutics. The biological
method of nanoparticle synthesis has gained attention due to its therapeutic applications.
This study aimed for the biosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using an ethanolic
extract of Ocimum basilicum seeds and to characterize and to evaluate antioxidant
and antidiabetic activity in in-vitro. The ZnO nanoparticles were characterized
by UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and
SEM measurements. The synthesized ZnO NPs possess hexagonal and alkyl chloride compounds
that exhibit cubically close-packed crystal structures.
Phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins,
saponins, alkaloids and phenol. The percentage of inhibition for amylase and glucosidase
was higher in O.basilicum ZnO NPs. It was found to be 76.10 ±0.83% in amylase and
70.68±0.83 % in the glucosidase inhibition assay. The present study results also
showed that synthesized zinc nanoparticles possess antioxidant properties by scavenging
the superoxide anion. It concluded that the ZnO nanoparticles synthesized using
O.basilicum extract displayed remarkable antioxidant and antidiabetic activities
and could be used for therapeutics.
