In vivo assessment
of Antidiabetic Activity in Streptozotocin (STZ) induced Diabetes in Albino Rats
for isolated compound (E, 7R, 11R) - 3,7,11,15- tetramethyl hexadec-2- en-1-ol isolated
from Waltheria indica Linn
Velmani Krishnasamy and Sridevi Muruhan
Res. J. Biotech.; Vol. 20(3); 54-63;
doi: https://doi.org/10.25303/203rjbt054063; (2025)
Abstract
The growing global incidence of diabetes mellitus is a major problem in both developed
and developing countries and the limitations associated with currently available
treatments have shifted researchers' focus to naturopathy. Herbal plants have been
utilised for the treatment of diabetes since ancient times as they are less poisonous
and have fewer adverse effects than synthetic ones. We isolated and purified two
novel chemicals (Phytol and 2- Methyl hexadecan-1-ol) from Waltherica indica hydroalcoholic
extract in prior investigations. The goal of this work was to assess the in vivo
antidiabetic activity of W. indica hydroalcoholic extract in streptozotocin-induced
experimental diabetes, as well as to determine their likely mechanism of action.
For 45 days, STZ (55 mg/kg b.wt) induced diabetic rats were given the extract orally
at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg b.wt. In diabetic rats, treatment with hydroalcoholic
extract significantly (P < 0.05) reduced blood glucose and glycosylated haemoglobin
levels while also restoring body weight, liver glycogen content and serum insulin
levels in a dose-dependent manner. For the in vivo investigation, six animals were
divided into five groups: control, diabetic control, standard control, low dosage
and high dosage.
The body weight, body temperature and blood glucose levels of all the animals were
measured. Following the treatment, biochemical parameters: triglycerides, cholesterol,
high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), alkaline phosphatase
level (ALP), serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic
transaminase (SGPT), total protein and alkaline phosphatase level (ALP), serum glut
(ANOVA) were calculated. On the 45th day, all of the animals were slaughtered and
the pancreas tissue was histopathologically examined. Group V administered with
80 mg/kg body weight had a substantial effect after comparing different biochemical
parameters and histoarchitecture of the different test groups of animals.
