Phytochemical
Profiling, Antibacterial, Antioxidant and GC-MS Analysis of Evolvulus alsinoides
Extracts: Insights into Therapeutic Potential
Tummalagunta Ranganath, Khan Rahamat, Kannan Kanmani, Sorimuthu Anbalagan and Muruganantham
Sankareswaran
Res. J. Biotech.; Vol. 20(10); 328-339;
doi: https://doi.org/10.25303/2010rjbt3280339; (2025)
Abstract
Evolvulus alsinoides (L.) L., a revered medicinal herb in Ayurveda, was investigated
for its phytochemical composition, antibacterial and antioxidant properties using
water, ethanol, ethyl acetate, petroleum ether and chloroform extracts. The results
of qualitative phytochemical screening included terpenoids, alkaloids, flavonoids,
phenols and tannins with ethanol extracts exhibiting the highest diversity (10/11
classes). Quantitative analysis of the ethanol extract showed significant phenolic
(180 ± 0.87 μg/mg), flavonoid (46 ± 0.92 μg/mg) and tannin (26 ± 0.56 μg/mg) content.
Antibacterial assays via agar well diffusion demonstrated ethanol extracts’ efficacy
against Escherichia coli (13.5 ± 0.5 mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (14.5 ± 0.7 mm)
at 150 μg/mL. Antioxidant activity, assessed by DPPH and ABTS assays, yielded IC₅₀
values of 0.234 mg/mL and 0.077 mg/mL indicating robust radical scavenging.
A study using GC-MS revealed 36 chemicals, including n-hexadecanoic acid, caryophyllene
and benzoic acid derivatives, corroborating bioactivity. These findings validate
the plant’s traditional uses for neuroprotection and inflammation management, highlighting
ethanol’s extraction efficiency and suggesting pharmaceutical potential.
