Review Paper:
Potential of Bauhinia
variegata as a Phytomedicine for the Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
A Comprehensive Review
Aswathi Panneri Kalikkot, Karpakavalli M., Ranjithkumar D. and Sangilimuthu Alagar
Yadav
Res. J. Biotech.; Vol. 20(10); 352-360;
doi: https://doi.org/10.25303/2010rjbt3520360; (2025)
Abstract
Bauhinia variegata L., a medicinally significant tree native to South and Southeast
Asia, has been traditionally employed in various indigenous healing systems. This
review presents a critical appraisal of its therapeutic potential, highlighting
its bioactive constituents and pharmacological relevance in modern healthcare. Multiple
plant parts of B. variegata are rich in phytochemicals such as flavonoids, terpenoids,
alkaloids and glycosides. Notable compounds include kaempferol-3-O-D-glucoside,
hesperidin and pyranoside from the bark, isoquercitrin, rutin and bauhinione from
the stem and β-diol derivatives and heptatriacontane from the leaves. These constituents
are associated with a diverse range of bioactivities including antioxidant, antimicrobial,
anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, neuroprotective and nephroprotective effects.
Additionally, five recently identified compounds from the roots: β-sitosterol, piperine,
piperolein B, retrofractamide A and dehydropipernonaline, have demonstrated selective
cytotoxicity, particularly against MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Among its potential
therapeutic roles, B. variegata shows promise in addressing polycystic ovary syndrome
(PCOS), a multifactorial endocrine disorder affecting female reproductive health.
Evidence from traditional formulations suggests its capacity to modulate hormonal
activity and reduce associated symptoms. In conclusion, Bauhinia variegata holds
significant value as a phytotherapeutic agent. Its broad pharmacological spectrum
and traditional relevance warrant further experimental and clinical validation for
integration into evidence-based medicine.
