Comparative Analysis
of Ecological Risk Assessment in Coastal Regions of India: A Case Study of Nagavali
Estuary, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh
Koneru Neha and Mani Gudivada
Res. J. Chem. Environ.; Vol. 29(6); 7-14;
doi: https://doi.org/10.25303/296rjce07014; (2025)
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) were detected in all water and sediment samples from six locations
in the Nagavali estuarine area, marking the comprehensive assessment of MP pollution
in the Srikakulam estuarine region, Andhra Pradesh, India. This ecologically and
socio-economically significant area faces pollution due to semi-urban discharge
and plastic waste mismanagement. Using filtration, density separation and ATR-FTIR
spectroscopy, the study establishes baseline data on MP prevalence and ecological
risks in Southeast Asia. Results indicate seasonal variations in MP abundance with
polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate and polyvinyl chloride as
dominant polymers. Risk assessments using the pollution load index and potential
ecological risk index suggest moderate pollution but high ecological risks, particularly
in human-influenced zones. A comparative analysis on India’s coastal regions highlights
regional and seasonal variations in MP pollution and its ecological impact.
This broad perspective underscores the urgent need for targeted mitigation strategies,
sustainable policies and improved waste management. The findings serve as a crucial
reference for monitoring temporal trends and shaping environmental policies to combat
MP pollution. Addressing this pervasive issue is essential for protecting aquatic
ecosystems and ensuring sustainable coastal management in India and beyond.
